This study investigates the issue of fit between process environment and advanced manufacturing and business performance. We find that different process environments tend to aligh advanced manufacturing technology investment in distict profiles, which are associated with superior performance. Deviations from these 'ideal' profiles are shown to have a negative impact on manufacturing performance. The finding also suggest that firms are not fully exploiting the potential affored by AMT investments to compete in off-diagonal positions in the Hayes-Wheelwright framework.