In this fourth edition Edgar Schein continouing explain how to transform the abstract concept of culture into a practical tool that managers and students can use to understand the dynamics of organizations and change. Organizational culture and leadership have both become very complicated topics. Over the past several decades, organizational culture has drawn themes from anthropology, sociology, social psychology, and cognitive psychology. It has become a field of its own and has connected significantly with the broader cultural studies that have been spawned by the rampant globalism of recent times. The explosion of new tools in information technology and media transmission has made cultural phenomena highly accesible, and some of these phenomena are unique to the information age. Cultural variations around nation, ethnicity, religion, and social class have become highly visible through television and the internet. Having a certain kind of culture, being a certain kind of culture, and wanting a certain kind of culture have been frequently referred to in the daily press.