DEVELOPMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS BUSINESS IN INDONESIA...7
Backgrounds ...7
Telecommunications providers in Indonesia...8
Bandwidth capacity of cellular operators ..10
Too Many Cellular Operators in Indonesia ..12
PP No. 46 of 2021 on Post, Telecommunications and Broadcast ....13
Cellular operators required to build fast internet 4G in rural areas ....14
Informatics and Telecommunications Accessibility Body (Bakti) Builds 4G BTS..15
Auction reopened for 2.3 GHz frequency ...15
Merger/Consolidation Plan of Indosat Ooredoo and Hutchlson 3 Indonesia ...17
Bakrie Telecom facing desliting by the Stock Exchange ...18
In 2020, subscribers of cellular networks totaling 355.3 million..19
Performances of telecommunications operators ....21
Retail Sector Contributes to the Income of Telecommunications Indonesia (Net1)...22
Developments of EBITDA....24
Developments of operating cost of telecommunications providers...26
Conclusion...27
NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE
TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ...28
Backgrounds ...28
Telkom/Telkomsel ...28
Indosat Ooredoo....40
XL Axiata....44
Developments of traffic & users of data services of three operators ...49
Developments of Income....51
Conclusion...55