This handbook is the result of a collaboration between the IPM Ontario Group and the Ontario Centres of Excellence. The IPM (Intellectual Property Management) Ontario Group is a partnership made up of seventeen Ontario universities: Toronto, Ryerson, Lakehead, Ottawa, Waterloo, Wilfrid Laurier, Western Ontario, Windsor, Carleton, Guelph, Nipissing, McMaster, Queens, Brock, Laurentian, York and Trent. Ontario research hospitals and other post-secondary institutions are also represented through the participation of the Ontario Society for Excellence in Technology Transfer (onSETT). These institutions collaborate on three key functions: To train technology transfer professionals through an internship program; manage a proof-of-concept fund for the “last step” to enable technologies to attract commercial partners; and share best practices for technology transfer offices. Collectively, the Centres of Excellence promote the economic development of Ontario through directed research, commercialization of technology and training for highly qualified personnel. The Centres are among the few publicly funded institutions that systematically integrate and manage connections from academic research institutions to the marketplace to ensure the successful application of innovative science and technology to profitable new businesses. Special thanks to Martin Croteau from CITO and George Whitehead from the University of Toronto Exceler@tor for championing this project. This handbook would also not have been possible without the contribution, advice and support of the following individuals: Dr. George Adams, Innovations Foundation Dr. Darin Graham, Communications and Information Technology Ontario Jerry Gray, University of Waterloo Ron Purcell, Laurentian University Anthony De Fazekas, Miller Thompson LLP